ER or Er may refer to:

Places

* English Republic, alternative name for the

Commonwealth of England The Commonwealth was the political structure during the period from 1649 to 1660 when England and Wales, later along with Ireland and Scotland, were governed as a republic after the end of the Second English Civil War and the trial and execut ...

Eritrea Eritrea ( ; ti, ኤርትራ, Ertra, ; ar, إرتريا, ʾIritriyā), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa region of Eastern Africa, with its capital and largest city at Asmara. It is bordered by Ethiopia ...

(ISO 3166-2 two letter country code)

United States

East Rochester, New York East Rochester is a coterminous town and village located southeast of the City of Rochester in Monroe County, New York, United States. The village, home to approximately 6,600 people, is surrounded by Pittsford on the west side and by Perinto ...

Erie, Pennsylvania Erie (; ) is a city on the south shore of Lake Erie and the county seat of Erie County, Pennsylvania, United States. Erie is the fifth largest city in Pennsylvania and the largest city in Northwestern Pennsylvania with a population of 94,831 a ...

People

Er (biblical person) :''This article discusses close relatives of Judah. Er is also a name listed by the Gospel of Luke's version of the genealogy of Jesus''. In the biblical Book of Genesis, Er ( "watcher"; el, Ἤρ) was the eldest son of Judah and his Canaanite ...

, the eldest son of Judah in the biblical book of Genesis *

Nie Er Nie Er (14 February 1912 – 17 July 1935), born Nie Shouxin, courtesy name Ziyi (子義 or 子藝), was a Chinese composer best known for "March of the Volunteers", the national anthem of People's Republic of China. In numerous Shanghai magaz ...

(1912–1935), Chinese composer *

Elliot Rodger The 2014 Isla Vista killings were a series of misogynistic terror attacks in Isla Vista, California. On the evening of May 23, 22-year-old Elliot Rodger killed six people and injured fourteen others—by gunshot, stabbing and vehicle rammi ...

(July 24, 1991 – May 23, 2014), American incel mass shooter * A Royal cypher representing a monarch ** Elizabeth Regina (ER), the royal cypher of

Elizabeth I Elizabeth I (7 September 153324 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. Elizabeth was the last of the five House of Tudor monarchs and is sometimes referred to as the "Virgin Queen". El ...

** Edward Rex (ER / EVIIR), the royal cypher of

Edward VII Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India, from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910. The second child and eldest son of Queen Victoria an ...

** Edward Rex (ER / EVIIIR), the royal cypher of

Edward VIII Edward VIII (Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David; 23 June 1894 – 28 May 1972), later known as the Duke of Windsor, was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Empire and Emperor of India from 20 January 19 ...

** Elizabeth II Regina (EIIR), the royal cypher of

Elizabeth II Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; 21 April 1926 – 8 September 2022) was Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms from 6 February 1952 until her death in 2022. She was queen regnant of 32 sovereign states during ...

Fictional characters

* Er, a character in Plato's ''

Myth of Er The Myth of Er is a legend that concludes Plato's ''Republic'' (10.614–10.621). The story includes an account of the cosmos and the afterlife that greatly influenced religious, philosophical, and scientific thought for many centuries. The story ...

Arts, entertainment and media

Music

* ''Er'', an album by

Nils Petter Molvær Nils Petter Molvær () also known as NPM (born 18 September 1960) is a Norwegian jazz trumpeter, composer, and record producer. He is considered a pioneer of future jazz, a genre that fuses jazz and electronic music, best showcased on his most ...

* "ER" (song), a 2012 single by Japanese boy band Kanjani Eight * "ER", a song by Royce da 5'9" featuring Kid Vishis from ''

Success Is Certain ''Success Is Certain'' is the fifth studio album by rapper Royce da 5'9" released on August 9, 2011. The first single is "Writer's Block" featuring Eminem, which was released in March 2011. Production for the album came from DJ Premier, Mr. Port ...

Periodicals

* ''

Chico Enterprise-Record The ''Chico Enterprise-Record'' is the daily newspaper of Chico, California. Also known as the E-R, the newspaper was first published in Bidwell Bar, California as the Butte Record in 1853 and is now part of the MediaNews Group corporation, who ...

'', the daily newspaper of Chico, California

Television

* ''ER'' (TV series), a 1994–2009 American television medical drama series * '' E/R'', a 1984–1985 American television sitcom

Businesses and organizations

Astar Air Cargo ASTAR Air Cargo Inc. was an American cargo airline based in Miami, Florida. Its main base was Cincinnati Northern Kentucky International Airport in Hebron, Kentucky, with hubs at Miami International Airport and Los Angeles International Airport. I ...

(IATA designator ER) *

Eastern Railway (India) The Eastern Railway (abbreviated ER) is among the 19 zones of the Indian Railways. Its headquarters is at Fairley Place, Kolkata and comprises four divisions: , , , and . Each division is headed by a Divisional Railway Manager (DRM). The name o ...

Eldorado Reno Eldorado Resort Casino is a hotel and casino located in Downtown Reno, Nevada. It anchors a network of connected hotel-casinos in the downtown Reno core that included Circus Circus Reno and Silver Legacy Reno and are owned and operated by Caesars ...

, a hotel and casino in Reno, Nevada *

Eldorado Resorts Caesars Entertainment, Inc., formerly Eldorado Resorts, Inc., is an American hotel and casino entertainment company founded and based in Reno, Nevada that operates more than 50 properties. Eldorado Resorts acquired Caesars Entertainment Corporat ...

, a gaming company located in Reno, Nevada *

Entre Ríos Railway The Entre Ríos Railway (ERR) (in Spanish: Ferrocarril Entre Ríos) was a British-owned railway company that built and operated a railway network in Entre Ríos Province, between the rivers Uruguay and Paraná, in Argentina. History The compa ...

in Argentina (reporting mark ER) *

Estonian Reform Party The Estonian Reform Party ( et, Eesti Reformierakond) is a liberal political party in Estonia. The party has been led by Kaja Kallas since 2018. It is colloquially known as the "Squirrel Party" ( et, Oravapartei). It was founded in 1994 by Si ...

United Russia United Russia ( rus, Единая Россия, Yedinaya Rossiya, (j)ɪˈdʲinəjə rɐˈsʲijə) is a Conservatism in Russia, Russian conservative List of political parties in Russia, political party. As the largest party in Russia, it hold ...

, or ''Yedinaya Rossiya'', a Russian political party

Finance and banking

* ER, abbreviation of

exchange rate In finance, an exchange rate is the rate at which one currency will be exchanged for another currency. Currencies are most commonly national currencies, but may be sub-national as in the case of Hong Kong or supra-national as in the case of ...

* ER, abbreviation of

expense ratio The expense ratio of a stock or asset fund is the total percentage of fund assets used for administrative, management, advertising (12b-1), and all other expenses. An expense ratio of 1% per annum means that each year 1% of the fund's total assets ...

Language

Er (Cyrillic) Er (Р р; italics: ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It commonly represents the alveolar trill , like the "rolled" sound in the Scottish pronunciation of in "curd". History The Cyrillic letter er was derived from the Greek letter Rh ...

(Р / р), a letter of the Cyrillic alphabet corresponding to the Latin letter "R" *

Er (cuneiform) The cuneiform ir (more common usage), or er sign is a sign used in the Epic of Gilgamesh, and the Amarna letters. It is in a small group that have smaller, 3-verticals, as well as 2- and 1-vertical strokes, sitting on a lower horizontal cunei ...

, a sign in cuneiform writing * "er", a filler word in English * Er, alternate spelling for

Yer A yer is either of two letters in Cyrillic alphabets, ъ (ѥръ, ''jerŭ'') and ь (ѥрь, ''jerĭ''). The Glagolitic alphabet used, as respective counterparts, the letters (Ⱏ) and (Ⱐ). They originally represented phonemically the "ult ...

(Ъ / ъ), the hard-sign letter of the Cyrillic alphabet * Suffix -er ** ''-er'', a suffix added to adjectives or adverbs to form a

comparative In general linguistics, the comparative is a syntactic construction that serves to express a comparison between two (or more) entities or groups of entities in quality or degree - see also comparison (grammar) for an overview of comparison, as wel ...

(e.g., ''fast'' to ''faster'') ** ''-er'', a suffix added to a noun to indicate resident of, as in ''

New Yorker New Yorker or ''variant'' primarily refers to: * A resident of the State of New York ** Demographics of New York (state) * A resident of New York City ** List of people from New York City * ''The New Yorker'', a magazine founded in 1925 * ''The New ...

'' ** ''-er'', a suffix added to a verb to make it an

agent noun In linguistics, an agent noun (in Latin, ) is a word that is derived from another word denoting an action, and that identifies an entity that does that action. For example, "driver" is an agent noun formed from the verb "drive". Usually, ''derive ...

(e.g., ''cut'' to ''cutter'') **

Oxford "-er" The Oxford "-er", or often "-ers", is a colloquial and sometimes facetious suffix prevalent at Oxford University from about 1875, which is thought to have been borrowed from the slang of Rugby School. The term was defined by the lexicographer E ...

, a suffix used to form words like ''rugger'' and ''footer'' **

Erhua Erhua ( ); also called erization or rhotacization of syllable finals) is a phonological process that adds r-coloring or the "er" (注音：, common words: 、、) sound (transcribed in IPA as ) to syllables in spoken Mandarin Chinese. Erhuayin () i ...

(儿化), rhotacization of spoken syllables in

Beijing dialect The Beijing dialect (), also known as Pekingese and Beijingese, is the prestige dialect of Mandarin spoken in the urban area of Beijing, China. It is the phonological basis of Standard Chinese, the official language in the People's Republic of ...

Mandarin Chinese Mandarin (; ) is a group of Chinese (Sinitic) dialects that are natively spoken across most of northern and southwestern China. The group includes the Beijing dialect, the basis of the phonology of Standard Chinese, the official language of ...

with the -er suffix (儿)

Science and technology

Erdős–Rényi model In the mathematical field of graph theory, the Erdős–Rényi model is either of two closely related models for generating random graphs or the evolution of a random network. They are named after Hungarian mathematicians Paul Erdős and Alfr� ...

, a model in graph theory

Biology and medicine

* Emergency room, or

emergency department An emergency department (ED), also known as an accident and emergency department (A&E), emergency room (ER), emergency ward (EW) or casualty department, is a medical treatment facility specializing in emergency medicine, the acute care of pati ...

, in a medical facility *

Endoplasmic reticulum The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is, in essence, the transportation system of the eukaryotic cell, and has many other important functions such as protein folding. It is a type of organelle made up of two subunits – rough endoplasmic reticulum ( ...

, a type of organelle in cell biology * Er blood group system *

Equine exertional rhabdomyolysis Equine exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER) is a syndrome that affects the skeletal muscles within a horse. This syndrome causes the muscle to break down which is generally associated with exercise and diet regime. Depending on the severity, there are va ...

, a syndrome that damages muscle tissue in horses *

Estrogen receptor Estrogen receptors (ERs) are a group of proteins found inside cells. They are receptors that are activated by the hormone estrogen ( 17β-estradiol). Two classes of ER exist: nuclear estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), which are members of the ...

, a type of protein molecule * Extraction ratio, a pharmacokinetic property

Chemistry and physics

\epsilon_r

, a representation for

relative static permittivity The relative permittivity (in older texts, dielectric constant) is the permittivity of a material expressed as a ratio with the vacuum permittivity, electric permittivity of a vacuum. A dielectric is an insulating material, and the dielectric co ...

* Electrorheological (ER) fluid, a type of chemical suspension * Enantiomeric ratio, a concept in chemistry *

Erbium Erbium is a chemical element with the symbol Er and atomic number 68. A silvery-white solid metal when artificially isolated, natural erbium is always found in chemical combination with other elements. It is a lanthanide, a rare-earth element ...

, symbol Er, a chemical element *

Einstein-Rosen bridge A wormhole ( Einstein-Rosen bridge) is a hypothetical structure connecting disparate points in spacetime, and is based on a special solution of the Einstein field equations. A wormhole can be visualized as a tunnel with two ends at separate p ...

(ER) relativistic wormholes

Computing

.er .er is the country code top-level domain A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is an Internet The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to ...

, country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Eritrea *

Entity–relationship model An entity–relationship model (or ER model) describes interrelated things of interest in a specific domain of knowledge. A basic ER model is composed of entity types (which classify the things of interest) and specifies relationships that can ex ...

, a conceptual representation of data * Error Resilience, an audio coding method used in

MPEG-4 Part 3 MPEG-4 Part 3 or MPEG-4 Audio (formally ISO/IEC 14496-3) is the third part of the ISO/IEC MPEG-4 international standard developed by Moving Picture Experts Group. It specifies audio coding methods. The first version of ISO/IEC 14496-3 was publish ...

Other uses

* Er., Hebrew abbreviation for 'Eruvin, the second tractate of

Moed Moed ( he, מועד, "Festivals") is the second Order of the Mishnah, the first written recording of the Oral Torah of the Jewish people (also the Tosefta and Talmud). Of the six orders of the Mishna, Moed is the third shortest. The order of M ...

Earned run In baseball, an earned run is any run that was fully enabled by the offensive team's production in the face of competent play from the defensive team. Conversely, an unearned run is a run that would not have been scored without the aid of an err ...

, a term in the game of baseball * Emergency Response,

incident response team An incident response team (IRT) or emergency response team (ERT) is a group of people who prepare for and respond to an emergency, such as a natural disaster or an interruption of business operations. Incident response teams are common in public s ...

emergency procedure An emergency procedure is a plan of actions to be conducted in a certain order or manner, in response to a specific class of reasonably foreseeable emergency, a situation that poses an immediate risk to health, life, property, or the Natural enviro ...

related to emergency services *

English Reports The English Reports is a collection of judgments of the higher English courts between 1220 and 1866. Overview The reports are a selection of most nominate reports of judgments of the higher English courts between 1220 and 1866.Glanville Williams, ...

of the English Courts from 1220 to 1866 * Extended range (military)